Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age. It is widely and increasingly recognized that action on social determinants of health is the best and most efficient strategy to reduce unfair and avoidable socioeconomic inequalities and to ensure healthy lives and promote wellbeing for all at all ages. The eight chapters included in this edited book are written by different authors who traced and analyzed the impact of social determinants of health on diverse aspects of health, including adolescent childbearing, mental disability, environment protection laws, home health and health indictors in general. This book is intended for readers of different levels and statuses, including academic staff, researchers, students, health decision makers, members of civil society, and individual readers motivated by pragmatic actions to encourage disease prevention, strengthen health promotion, and foster wellbeing of all populations around the world.