This book is the compilation of the author''s series examining the impact of symbols on human behaviour. Edgar J. Ridley has exploded the landscape of the behavioural sciences by presenting, over five decades, a body of work that examines the impact of symbolism and symbolic thought on humanity. This anthology incorporates the entire series of The Golden Apple: Changing the Structure of Civilization - Volumes 1, 2 and 3. Throughout these three volumes, Ridley emphasises that symptomatic thought and behaviour are the preferred approach to living in the world. Ridley''s research throughout the three volumes contained in this anthology covers the behaviours of early man, in antiquity, on through to our present-day decision-making. Edgar Ridley maintains for all time that only symptomatic behaviour can be the catalyst for solving the world''s most perplexing problems. Ridley''s conclusions are timeless and impeccable - whether he is highlighting the inherent racism that informs all areas of people''s activity, from health disparities among Black and Brown people to the NIH''s resistance towards funding the research of African-American scientists, to our global political landscape that threatens the very well-being of all populations.