The modern history of the three Samuel scrolls from Cave 4 at Qumran began in 1952 when they were discovered with the great mass of scrolls from Cave 4 in clandestine excavations by Bedouin. Twenty-seven additional fragments, parts of columns II and III of 4QSama, were found in the excavations of R de Vaux and G Lankester Harding. The Hebrew texts of the Bible found at Qumran have rewritten the text-critical textbooks for quite some time now, and the evidence gathered in this volume lies right at the heart of those developments.